Low back pain: safe first steps

Key points

Prolonged lying down is usually not the goal for non-specific back pain.
A gradual return to normal activities is often part of recovery.
New neurological symptoms or impaired sphincter control are red flags.

What is useful to track

Write down when the pain started, if it spreads down the leg, if there is numbness or weakness, and what affects the pain. Mention recent injury, fever, weight loss, previous cancer, and immunosuppressive therapies.

Recording is not automatically required for each new episode. The decision depends on the examination and the presence of signs pointing to a specific cause.

Movement and self-help

The NICE guideline supports an approach that helps people stay active and manage pain in everyday life. Adjust the activity to tolerance and gradually increase it.

change position during the day
walk short and often if you can
check your pain relievers with your doctor or pharmacist

When to make an appointment

An examination makes sense if the pain is severe, persistent, worsening, interferes with sleep or work, or if you are not sure how to safely resume activities.

Urgently seek evaluation for new weakness in both legs, numbness around the groin, loss of control over urination or stool, and after a serious injury.

Sources

Low back pain and sciatica in over 16s — National Institute for Health and Care Excellence

This guide provides general information and is not medical advice, a diagnosis or a treatment recommendation. Consult a qualified healthcare professional for decisions about your health.